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Summary results

date and time submitted name id & link system costs [bnEUR/a] marginal abatement cost [EUR/tCO2] difference to default downloads
2023-01-02 18:34:14 Netherlands 3-hourly 0576ce36-cc27-46b1-8e69-40a939e63269 36.66 399.03 frequency: 193 -> 3; region: EU -> NL; co2_sequestration_potential: 200.0 -> 7.09 zip file of all results | PyPSA network file | config.yaml file


Table of contents



Breakdown of yearly system costs

All costs are in 2015 euros, EUR-2015.

0510152025303540system costs [bnEUR/a]Netherlands 3-hourly Fischer-TropschDACCCCO2 sequestrationbattery storageH2 Electrolysishydrogen storagefossil gasgas boilerOCGTgas CHPbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpground heat pumpsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windbiogassolid biomasselectricity distribution grid

Maps

starting grid | grid reinforcement and other investments | hydrogen network and electrolyser capacity

0576ce36-cc27-46b1-8e69-40a939e63269 | Netherlands 3-hourly

today's grid tomorrow's grid hydrogen grid

Technology capacities

050100150200250300350capacities [GW]Netherlands 3-hourly ground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterH2 ElectrolysisFischer-Tropschonshore windoffshore wind (AC)offshore wind (DC)solar PV utilitysolar PV rooftopnuclearOCGTH2 Fuel Cellbiomass CHPgas CHP

Energy balances by carrier

high voltage electricity supply and demand

-600-500-400-300-200-1000100200300400500600energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly OCGTgas CHPbiomass CHPsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windelectricity distribution gridH2 Electrolysis

low voltage electricity supply and demand

-200-150-100-50050100150200energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly V2Gsolar PV rooftopelectricity distribution gridground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterBEV chargerindustry electricitynon-industrial electricity

hydrogen supply and demand

-250-200-150-100-50050100150200250energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly H2 ElectrolysisFischer-TropschH2 for industryH2 for shippingland transport fuel cell

methane supply and demand

-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly fossil gasbiogasgas CHPOCGTgas boilerCCgas for industry

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand

-50-40-30-20-1001020304050energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly Fischer-Tropschkerosene for aviationnaphtha for industry

CO2 supply and demand

-20-15-10-505101520CO2 [MtCO2/a]Netherlands 3-hourly industry oil emissionsgas for industryaviation oil emissionsgas boilerOCGTgas CHPbiogasbiomass CHPCCDAC

stored CO2 supply and demand

-20-15-10-505101520CO2 [MtCO2/a]Netherlands 3-hourly DACCCbiomass CHPCO2 sequestrationFischer-Tropsch

residential rural building heating supply and demand

-35-30-25-20-15-10-505101520253035energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly gas boilerresistive heaterground heat pumpheat

urban district heating supply and demand

-80-60-40-20020406080energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly Fischer-Tropschgas boilergas CHPbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumphot water storageDACheatlow-temperature heat for industry

Primary energy

Note that primary energy for wind, solar and hydroelectricity is accounted for using the direct equivalence method, i.e. assuming a 100% correspondence between primary energy and electricity generation.

050100150200250300350400450500550600650primary energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly fossil gasambient air heatambient ground heatsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windbiogassolid biomass

Final energy and non-energy

Electricity includes electricity demand from electric vehicles, newly-electrified industry and heat pumps in individual buildings, but excludes electricity demand for water electrolysis. Hydrogen includes hydrogen demand for land transport, shipping, industry and ammonia production, but excludes hydrogen demand for synthesis into hydrocarbons. Liquid hydrocarbons include aviation fuel and feedstock for basic chemicals production (mostly for plastics).

050100150200250300350400450500final energy [TWh/a]Netherlands 3-hourly district heatliquid hydrocarbonshydrogenmethaneelectricity

Time series for system operation

high voltage electricity supply and demand time series

low voltage electricity supply and demand time series

hydrogen supply and demand time series

methane supply and demand time series

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand time series

CO2 supply and demand time series

stored CO2 supply and demand time series

residential rural building heating supply and demand time series

urban district heating supply and demand time series