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Summary results

date and time submitted name id & link system costs [bnEUR/a] marginal abatement cost [EUR/tCO2] difference to default downloads
2024-10-12 13:07:24 80%_49 155a1172-20c2-42cf-ae22-b949763d2c6b 438.9 75.06 frequency: 193 -> 49; co2_limit: 0.0 -> 0.2 zip file of all results | PyPSA network file | config.yaml file


Table of contents



Breakdown of yearly system costs

All costs are in 2015 euros, EUR-2015.

050100150200250300350400450system costs [bnEUR/a]80%_49 SMRCCCO2 sequestrationH2 Electrolysisfossil gasgas boilerOCGTgas CHPbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpground heat pumpsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windfossil oilsolid biomasshydroelectricityelectricity distribution gridtransmission lines

Maps

starting grid | grid reinforcement and other investments | hydrogen network and electrolyser capacity

155a1172-20c2-42cf-ae22-b949763d2c6b | 80%_49

today's grid tomorrow's grid hydrogen grid

Technology capacities

02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,6001,8002,0002,2002,4002,6002,8003,000capacities [GW]80%_49 ground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterH2 ElectrolysisFischer-Tropschhydroelectricityonshore windoffshore wind (AC)offshore wind (DC)solar PV utilitysolar PV rooftopnuclearOCGTH2 Fuel Cellbiomass CHPgas CHP

Energy balances by carrier

high voltage electricity supply and demand

-4,000-3,000-2,000-1,00001,0002,0003,0004,000energy [TWh/a]80%_49 OCGTgas CHPbiomass CHPsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windhydroelectricityelectricity distribution gridH2 Electrolysis

low voltage electricity supply and demand

-5,000-4,000-3,000-2,000-1,00001,0002,0003,0004,0005,000energy [TWh/a]80%_49 solar PV rooftopelectricity distribution gridground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterBEV chargerindustry electricitynon-industrial electricity

hydrogen supply and demand

-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,000energy [TWh/a]80%_49 SMRH2 ElectrolysisH2 for industryH2 for shippingland transport fuel cell

methane supply and demand

-3,500-3,000-2,500-2,000-1,500-1,000-50005001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,500energy [TWh/a]80%_49 fossil gasgas CHPOCGTgas boilerSMRgas for industry

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand

-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,200energy [TWh/a]80%_49 fossil oilkerosene for aviationnaphtha for industry

CO2 supply and demand

-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,000CO2 [MtCO2/a]80%_49 industry oil emissionsgas for industryaviation oil emissionsSMRCCgas boilerOCGTgas CHPbiomass CHPco2

stored CO2 supply and demand

-200-150-100-50050100150200CO2 [MtCO2/a]80%_49 CCbiomass CHPCO2 sequestration

residential rural building heating supply and demand

-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,200energy [TWh/a]80%_49 gas boilerresistive heaterground heat pumpheat

urban district heating supply and demand

-1,400-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,2001,400energy [TWh/a]80%_49 gas boilergas CHPbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpheatlow-temperature heat for industry

Primary energy

Note that primary energy for wind, solar and hydroelectricity is accounted for using the direct equivalence method, i.e. assuming a 100% correspondence between primary energy and electricity generation.

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,00010,00011,000primary energy [TWh/a]80%_49 fossil gasambient air heatambient ground heatsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windfossil oilsolid biomasshydroelectricity

Final energy and non-energy

Electricity includes electricity demand from electric vehicles, newly-electrified industry and heat pumps in individual buildings, but excludes electricity demand for water electrolysis. Hydrogen includes hydrogen demand for land transport, shipping, industry and ammonia production, but excludes hydrogen demand for synthesis into hydrocarbons. Liquid hydrocarbons include aviation fuel and feedstock for basic chemicals production (mostly for plastics).

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000final energy [TWh/a]80%_49 district heatliquid hydrocarbonshydrogenmethaneelectricity

Time series for system operation

high voltage electricity supply and demand time series

low voltage electricity supply and demand time series

hydrogen supply and demand time series

methane supply and demand time series

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand time series

CO2 supply and demand time series

stored CO2 supply and demand time series

residential rural building heating supply and demand time series

urban district heating supply and demand time series