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Summary results

date and time submitted name id & link system costs [bnEUR/a] marginal abatement cost [EUR/tCO2] difference to default downloads
2023-09-04 11:00:24 belgium 2dc10bc2-3d4e-41ff-bbeb-64c4fe867f46 17.78 464.66 region: EU -> BE; solar_potential: 1.0 -> 0.0; offwind_potential: 1.0 -> 3.0; industry_demand: 0.9 -> 0.0; co2_sequestration_potential: 200.0 -> 5.28 zip file of all results | PyPSA network file | config.yaml file


Table of contents



Breakdown of yearly system costs

All costs are in 2015 euros, EUR-2015.

024681012141618system costs [bnEUR/a]belgium SMRFischer-TropschCO2 sequestrationH2 Electrolysisfossil gasgas boilerbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpground heat pumpsolar PV rooftopoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore winduraniumnuclearfossil oilbiogassolid biomasshydroelectricityelectricity distribution grid

Maps

starting grid | grid reinforcement and other investments | hydrogen network and electrolyser capacity

2dc10bc2-3d4e-41ff-bbeb-64c4fe867f46 | belgium

today's grid tomorrow's grid hydrogen grid

Technology capacities

0102030405060708090100capacities [GW]belgium ground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterH2 ElectrolysisFischer-Tropschhydroelectricityonshore windoffshore wind (AC)offshore wind (DC)solar PV utilitysolar PV rooftopnuclearOCGTH2 Fuel Cellbiomass CHPgas CHP

Energy balances by carrier

high voltage electricity supply and demand

-200-150-100-50050100150200energy [TWh/a]belgium biomass CHPoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windnuclearelectricity distribution gridH2 Electrolysis

low voltage electricity supply and demand

-100-80-60-40-20020406080100energy [TWh/a]belgium solar PV rooftopelectricity distribution gridground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterBEV chargernon-industrial electricity

hydrogen supply and demand

-100-80-60-40-20020406080100energy [TWh/a]belgium SMRH2 ElectrolysisFischer-TropschH2 for shippingland transport fuel cell

methane supply and demand

-20-15-10-505101520energy [TWh/a]belgium fossil gasbiogasgas boilerSMR

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand

-20-15-10-505101520energy [TWh/a]belgium Fischer-Tropschfossil oilkerosene for aviation

CO2 supply and demand

-10-8-6-4-20246810CO2 [MtCO2/a]belgium aviation oil emissionsSMRgas boilerbiogasbiomass CHP

stored CO2 supply and demand

-7-6-5-4-3-2-101234567CO2 [MtCO2/a]belgium biomass CHPCO2 sequestrationFischer-Tropsch

residential rural building heating supply and demand

-25-20-15-10-50510152025energy [TWh/a]belgium resistive heaterground heat pumpheat

urban district heating supply and demand

-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060energy [TWh/a]belgium Fischer-Tropschgas boilerbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpheat

Primary energy

Note that primary energy for wind, solar and hydroelectricity is accounted for using the direct equivalence method, i.e. assuming a 100% correspondence between primary energy and electricity generation.

050100150200250300350400primary energy [TWh/a]belgium fossil gasambient air heatambient ground heatsolar PV rooftopoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windnuclear heatfossil oilbiogassolid biomass

Final energy and non-energy

Electricity includes electricity demand from electric vehicles, newly-electrified industry and heat pumps in individual buildings, but excludes electricity demand for water electrolysis. Hydrogen includes hydrogen demand for land transport, shipping, industry and ammonia production, but excludes hydrogen demand for synthesis into hydrocarbons. Liquid hydrocarbons include aviation fuel and feedstock for basic chemicals production (mostly for plastics).

020406080100120140160180200220final energy [TWh/a]belgium district heatliquid hydrocarbonshydrogenmethaneelectricity

Time series for system operation

high voltage electricity supply and demand time series

low voltage electricity supply and demand time series

hydrogen supply and demand time series

methane supply and demand time series

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand time series

CO2 supply and demand time series

stored CO2 supply and demand time series

residential rural building heating supply and demand time series

urban district heating supply and demand time series