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Summary results

date and time submitted name id & link system costs [bnEUR/a] marginal abatement cost [EUR/tCO2] difference to default downloads
2023-04-25 13:50:33 DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G 30320c40-f77c-4c9b-a96a-f970953134cf 281.05 5082.5 region: EU -> DE; solar_cost: 302.0 -> 700.0; offwind_cost: 1416.0 -> 3000.0; onwind_cost: 963.0 -> 1300.0; electrolysis_cost: 500.0 -> 2000.0; h2_pipeline_cost: 267.0 -> 10000.0; land_transmission_cost: 400.0 -> 10000.0; v2g: True -> False; co2_sequestration_potential: 200.0 -> 31.62; co2_sequestration_cost: 20.0 -> 5000.0 zip file of all results | PyPSA network file | config.yaml file


Table of contents



Breakdown of yearly system costs

All costs are in 2015 euros, EUR-2015.

020406080100120140160180200220240260280300system costs [bnEUR/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G Fischer-TropschCCCO2 sequestrationH2 Electrolysishydrogen storagebiomass CHPair heat pumpground heat pumpsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)onshore winduraniumnuclearbiogassolid biomasshydroelectricityelectricity distribution gridtransmission lines

Maps

starting grid | grid reinforcement and other investments | hydrogen network and electrolyser capacity

30320c40-f77c-4c9b-a96a-f970953134cf | DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G

today's grid tomorrow's grid hydrogen grid

Technology capacities

0100200300400500600700800capacities [GW]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G ground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterH2 ElectrolysisFischer-Tropschhydroelectricityonshore windoffshore wind (AC)offshore wind (DC)solar PV utilitysolar PV rooftopnuclearOCGTH2 Fuel Cellbiomass CHPgas CHP

Energy balances by carrier

high voltage electricity supply and demand

-1,400-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,2001,400energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G biomass CHPsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)onshore windnuclearhydroelectricityelectricity distribution gridH2 Electrolysis

low voltage electricity supply and demand

-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,000energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G solar PV rooftopelectricity distribution gridground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterBEV chargerindustry electricitynon-industrial electricity

hydrogen supply and demand

-350-300-250-200-150-100-50050100150200250300350energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G H2 ElectrolysisFischer-TropschH2 for industryH2 for shippingland transport fuel cell

methane supply and demand

-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G biogasgas boilergas for industry

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand

-200-150-100-50050100150200energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G Fischer-Tropschkerosene for aviationnaphtha for industry

CO2 supply and demand

-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060CO2 [MtCO2/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G industry oil emissionsgas for industryaviation oil emissionsgas boilerbiogasbiomass CHPCC

stored CO2 supply and demand

-70-60-50-40-30-20-10010203040506070CO2 [MtCO2/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G CCbiomass CHPCO2 sequestrationFischer-Tropsch

residential rural building heating supply and demand

-250-200-150-100-50050100150200250energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G resistive heaterground heat pumpheat

urban district heating supply and demand

-300-250-200-150-100-50050100150200250300energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G Fischer-Tropschgas boilerbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpheatlow-temperature heat for industry

Primary energy

Note that primary energy for wind, solar and hydroelectricity is accounted for using the direct equivalence method, i.e. assuming a 100% correspondence between primary energy and electricity generation.

02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,6001,8002,0002,2002,4002,600primary energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G ambient air heatambient ground heatsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)onshore windnuclear heatbiogassolid biomasshydroelectricity

Final energy and non-energy

Electricity includes electricity demand from electric vehicles, newly-electrified industry and heat pumps in individual buildings, but excludes electricity demand for water electrolysis. Hydrogen includes hydrogen demand for land transport, shipping, industry and ammonia production, but excludes hydrogen demand for synthesis into hydrocarbons. Liquid hydrocarbons include aviation fuel and feedstock for basic chemicals production (mostly for plastics).

01002003004005006007008009001,0001,1001,2001,3001,400final energy [TWh/a]DE high cost VRE electrolysis no transmission V2G district heatliquid hydrocarbonshydrogenmethaneelectricity

Time series for system operation

high voltage electricity supply and demand time series

low voltage electricity supply and demand time series

hydrogen supply and demand time series

methane supply and demand time series

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand time series

CO2 supply and demand time series

stored CO2 supply and demand time series

residential rural building heating supply and demand time series

urban district heating supply and demand time series