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Summary results

date and time submitted name id & link system costs [bnEUR/a] marginal abatement cost [EUR/tCO2] difference to default downloads
2022-02-23 15:19:55 no power expansion and no hydrogen grid 677b9e93-aeb0-4111-94b9-04213a64feeb 588.32 285.51 h2_pipeline_cost: 267.0 -> 5000.0; line_volume: 1.5 -> 1.0 zip file of all results | PyPSA network file | config.yaml file


Table of contents



Breakdown of yearly system costs

All costs are in 2015 euros, EUR-2015.

050100150200250300350400450500550600system costs [bnEUR/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid SMRFischer-TropschCCCO2 sequestrationH2 pipelineH2 Electrolysishydrogen storagefossil gasgas boilergas CHPbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumpground heat pumpsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windnuclearfossil oilbiogassolid biomasshydroelectricityelectricity distribution gridtransmission lines

Maps

starting grid | grid reinforcement and other investments | hydrogen network and electrolyser capacity

677b9e93-aeb0-4111-94b9-04213a64feeb | no power expansion and no hydrogen grid

today's grid tomorrow's grid hydrogen grid

Technology capacities

05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,0004,5005,0005,5006,000capacities [GW]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid ground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterH2 ElectrolysisFischer-Tropschhydroelectricityonshore windoffshore wind (AC)offshore wind (DC)solar PV utilitysolar PV rooftopnuclearOCGTH2 Fuel Cellbiomass CHPgas CHP

Energy balances by carrier

high voltage electricity supply and demand

-8,000-6,000-4,000-2,00002,0004,0006,0008,000energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid biomass CHPsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windnuclearhydroelectricityelectricity distribution gridH2 Electrolysis

low voltage electricity supply and demand

-5,000-4,000-3,000-2,000-1,00001,0002,0003,0004,0005,000energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid solar PV rooftopelectricity distribution gridground heat pumpair heat pumpresistive heaterBEV chargerindustry electricitynon-industrial electricity

hydrogen supply and demand

-2,500-2,000-1,500-1,000-50005001,0001,5002,0002,500energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid SMRH2 ElectrolysisFischer-TropschH2 for industryH2 for shippingland transport fuel cell

methane supply and demand

-800-600-400-2000200400600800energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid fossil gasbiogasgas CHPOCGTgas boilerCCSMRgas for industry

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand

-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,200energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid Fischer-Tropschfossil oilkerosene for aviationnaphtha for industry

CO2 supply and demand

-500-400-300-200-1000100200300400500CO2 [MtCO2/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid industry oil emissionsgas for industryaviation oil emissionsSMRgas boilerOCGTgas CHPbiogasbiomass CHPCCDAC

stored CO2 supply and demand

-600-500-400-300-200-1000100200300400500600CO2 [MtCO2/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid DACCCbiomass CHPCO2 sequestrationFischer-Tropsch

residential rural building heating supply and demand

-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,200energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid gas boilerresistive heaterground heat pumpheat

urban district heating supply and demand

-1,400-1,200-1,000-800-600-400-20002004006008001,0001,2001,400energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid Fischer-Tropschgas boilergas CHPbiomass CHPresistive heaterair heat pumphot water storageDACheatlow-temperature heat for industry

Primary energy

Note that primary energy for wind, solar and hydroelectricity is accounted for using the direct equivalence method, i.e. assuming a 100% correspondence between primary energy and electricity generation.

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,00010,00011,00012,000primary energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid fossil gasambient air heatambient ground heatsolar PV rooftopsolar PV utilityoffshore wind (DC)offshore wind (AC)onshore windnuclear heatfossil oilbiogassolid biomasshydroelectricity

Final energy and non-energy

Electricity includes electricity demand from electric vehicles, newly-electrified industry and heat pumps in individual buildings, but excludes electricity demand for water electrolysis. Hydrogen includes hydrogen demand for land transport, shipping, industry and ammonia production, but excludes hydrogen demand for synthesis into hydrocarbons. Liquid hydrocarbons include aviation fuel and feedstock for basic chemicals production (mostly for plastics).

01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000final energy [TWh/a]no power expansion and no hydrogen grid district heatliquid hydrocarbonshydrogenmethaneelectricity

Time series for system operation

high voltage electricity supply and demand time series

low voltage electricity supply and demand time series

hydrogen supply and demand time series

methane supply and demand time series

liquid hydrocarbon supply and demand time series

CO2 supply and demand time series

stored CO2 supply and demand time series

residential rural building heating supply and demand time series

urban district heating supply and demand time series